Preheat a cast-iron grill pan or skillet over high heat.
In a large mixing bowl, combine the ground meat with the onion, cilantro, garlic and ginger pastes, salt, coriander, red chilli powder, cinnamon, and cloves. Use your hands to work the spices into the meat.
Divide the meat into 4 equal parts. Form each quarter into a patty. Press down the center of each patty with your thumb to create a dimple (which will flatten when cooked).
Brush each patty with oil and place on the hot skillet. Cook for 4 minutes on the first side, then flip and cook the other side over medium-high heat for an additional 4 minutes (for medium-rare) or 6 to 8 minutes (for medium-well).
Meanwhile, for the salsa, combine all the ingredients for the mango salsa in a mixing bowl. Adjust the seasonings to taste.
Serve the burgers on toasted buns with all the traditional fixings, plus a generous helping of mango salsa—or, serve the salsa on the side as a refreshing salad.